[1] Letter from Y.C. van Drimmelen, Public Relations Officer, Dutch IP office to L. Iding, student to E.R. Gold (29 June 2000).
[2] (Case C-377/98).
[3] See P. Lemaitre and J-Y Nau, '' La directive europeenne sur le genome humain est incompatible avec le droit francais, selon Mme Guigou'', Le Monde (9 June).
[4] http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nbt/journal/v21/n9/full/nbt0903-960.html
[5] Gold and Gallochat, 'The European Directive on the Legal Protection of Biotechnological Inventions: History, Implementation and Lessons For Canada', at p.2
[6] see http://www.patent.gov.uk
[7] Dr. Jobst Wibbelmann, 'Protection of Biotechnological Inventions in Europe', at p.3
[8] Sigrid Sterckx, 'Some Ethically Problematic Aspects of the Proposal for a Directive on the Legal Protection of Biotechnological Inventions', [1998] E.I.P.R. 123, at p.124.
[9] http://europa.eu.int/rapid/start/cgi/guestan.ksh?p_action.gettxt=gt&doc=MEMO/00/39%7
[10] Sterckx, 'Biotechnology, Patents and Morality', Ashgate Publ. (2000), at p.42
[11] http://wuesthoff.de/protecti.htm, at p.3
[12] See the Opinion No. 64 on a preliminary draft law incorporating transposition into the Code of intellectual property, of a European Parliament and Council Directive 98/44/EC on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions, given to the French Secretary of State for Industry by a group of experts (CCNE) upon his request on June 8, 2000.
[13] Sterckx, 'Biotechnology, Patents and Morality', Ashgate Publ. (2000), at p.62
[14] http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/biosociety/pdf/pe_genetics.pdf
[15] As an example of the more liberal American approach, the granting of a US patent 6,211,429 to the University of Missouri for a method of creating human and other mammal clones can be cited. (Taken from: http://www.osborneclarke.com/publications/text/cloning.htm ).
[16] http://www.iccwbo.org/home/statements_rules/statements/1997/biotechnology.asp
[17] Gold and Gallochat, 'The European Directive on the Legal Protection of Biotechnological Inventions: History, Implementation and Lessons For Canada', at p.4
[18] See: Tim Roberts, "Biotechnology: Revised Draft Directive on Legal Protection of Biological Inventions." European Intellectual Property Review 19 (10): D 269-270.
[19] ''Is Patent Law Part of the EC Legal Order? A Critical Commentary on the Interpretation of Art. 6 (1) of Directive 98/44/EC in Case C-377/98?'', [2002] IPQ No1, pp 97-110, at p.110
[20]
The following two articles have been relied on while wrting this section:
Robin Nott, " 'You Did It!': The European Biotechnology Directive At Last.", European Intellectual Property Review 20 (9): 347(351.
Tim Roberts, "Biotechnology: Revised Draft Directive on Legal Protection of Biological Inventions." European Intellectual Property Review 19 (10): D 269-270.
[21] ibid.